BIOMOD日本大会2019のアブストラクト

印刷

BIOMOD日本大会2019のアブストラクト(Abstract for BIOMOD Japan Meeting 2019)

関西大学(TEAM KANSAI)

In recent years, DNA Origami is attracting attention. It is an innovative technology that allows free design and creation of desired nanoscale structures. DNA Origami is expected to be applied to various purposes such as molecular robots. One interesting example of molecular robots is “Nanocars”.

Here, we propose a Nanocar made with DNA Origami technique. First, we designed DNA sequence for one-wheeled car body and will make DNA Origami based on this design. Next, two of the car bodies will be connected by appropriate staple strands to create “DNA Origami Bicycle”. Finally, staple strands with azobenzene moieties will be introduced to crosslink the tire and shaft. With this azobenzene-tethered DNA, formation and dissociation of a DNA duplex can be reversibly photo-regulated by cis–trans isomerization of the azobenzene. By using this mechanism, we can achive control of driving.

In the future, we will challenge car racing by DNA nanocar.

東大(TEAM TOKYO)

Swarm Robotics consists of simple robots and their communication system, and it is gathering attention for its flexibility and adaptability to environment which cannot be achieved by one robot.

Here, we aim to achieve nano-scale swarm robot systems with two components: 1. reaction fields derived from ON-OFF DNA concentration condition using polymerase, exonuclease and nickase 2. swarm robots consist of beads with DNA strands which react the DNA concentration situations. The behavior of swarm robots involves the aggregation of DNA-modified beads by a linker DNA which is synthesized only when the field DNA is ON.

The strong points in our project are simplification and downsizing of high sensing technology in a moderate condition by a bottom-up approach.

These can be applied to molecular sensing such as visualization and simplification in medical examinations.

東北大(Team Sendai)

A recent study has succeeded in making 100 times-swelling hydrogel by DNA-crosslinked acrylamide in which the crosslink extends linearly by incorporating DNA hairpins through Hybridization Chain Reaction (HCR).

Although the method achieved an extraordinary swelling rate, the gel cannot shrink.

It just stops swelling when it runs out of DNA hairpins.

Here, we propose a novel design of DNA-linked hydrogel that can not only extend but shrink, like a muscle fiber. In the above swelling gel by HCR, hairpin DNAs are incorporated at one end of linking complex which allows linear elongation of the crosslink. Based on the same design, we add a novel shrinking mechanism which removes DNA from the other end of the complex. We call it “reverse hybridization chain reaction(RHCR)” .

In the future, our DNA hydrogel muscle may contribute to the development of highly designable metamorphic robots.

九工大(YOKABAIO)

Enzymes are essential substance for all living. For example, the reason why we can take in nutrients through meals is that what we take in from the mouth is broken down by an enzymatic reaction and can be absorbed. If we don’t have any enzymes, we can’t get nutrients.

However, enzymes have some weak points. The one is not to happen frequently enzyme reaction because active center is so small compared the size of enzyme molecule. We came up with a new machine that does the activity like active center of enzymes increased responding. The way is using two DNA origami connected each other on a side. The one is bound a substrate and the other is bound a catalyst, and the two molecules react forcibly by folded two DNA origami. We dream this machine can make two molecules they aren’t specific each other react effectively.